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Athlete’s foot, ringworm, and dhobi itch are some of the names by which we commonly know cutaneous fungal infections.
Fungal infections or Tinea are caused by infection of the skin, hair, or nail by the growth of fungi. These may occur over any part of the skin, however, the presence of wet skin with occlusion (in between toes in people who wear closed shoes, under the breasts, groin area), humid environment increases the chances of infection. People with immunosuppression (diabetics) may experience more infections than the general population.
Fungal infections can be diagnosed by their clinical presentation. Often, they appear as concentric reddish rings with central clearing (hence the term ringworm). However, over the scalp, it can present as patches of hair loss and pus. Over the hands and feet, it can present as whitish areas in the web spaces or scaly plaques over the feet and hands.
The diagnostic test involves a scraping of the affected area, which is then mounted under KOH and observed under a microscope. The fungal hyphae can be easily identified. The fungal culture tests are also available but they can take up to 4 weeks to show growth. They are restricted to diagnose drug-resistant fungal infections and for research purposes.
Fungal infections are treated with a combination of topical antifungal creams and oral antifungals. The duration of treatment depends on the site of infection. Skin infections resolve quicker with improvement seen in 2 weeks post-treatment, infections over the scalp, hands, and feet may take up to a month of treatment. Nail infections usually will take over 3 months for complete resolution.
As the oral antifungals are hepatotoxic, there is a need to check the liver function before the commencement of antifungal treatments, as well as during treatments.
Most OTC creams contain a combination of antifungals and steroid creams. Steroid creams can mask the inflammation, allowing the infection to spread. They can also mask the signs of infection, making diagnosis difficult. This condition is known as Tinea Incognito or Steroid modified Tinea.
We like to assist our clients with a knowledgeable and in-depth collective approach to answer for all your queries and fears with our FAQ mega-base.
The best treatment for fungal infection depends on the type and severity. For mild cases like ringworm, athlete’s foot, or yeast infections, topical antifungal creams, lotions, or powders work well. For more widespread or stubborn infections, dermatologists may prescribe oral antifungal medicines. Along with medication, maintaining proper hygiene and keeping the affected area dry is very important.
To remove fungus permanently, it’s important to combine the right medical treatment with good skin care habits. A dermatologist may prescribe antifungal creams or oral medicines depending on your condition. At home, you should:
Yes, most fungal infections can be completely cured with proper medical treatment and preventive care. However, fungal infections have a tendency to recur if personal hygiene and lifestyle factors are not maintained. Completing the prescribed medication course and following your dermatologist’s advice ensures long-lasting results.
Symptoms of a fungal infection depend on the type, but common signs include:
Fungus in the blood, also called fungemia, is a serious medical condition usually caused by Candida species. It often occurs in people with weak immune systems, prolonged antibiotic use, uncontrolled diabetes, cancer treatment, or those with medical devices like catheters. This condition needs immediate medical attention and treatment in a hospital setting, as it can become life-threatening if not controlled.
Dr. Rasya Dixit, Medical Director, is a trusted clinical and cosmetic dermatologist from Bangalore, with more than 10 years of experience and expertise in her field.
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